Influence of Load in Formaldehyde and Acetaldehyde Emissions and Performance of a Diesel Engine Using Various Diesel–Vegetable Oil and Diesel–Biodiesel Blends

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of load on formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions, as well as the performance of a diesel engine when utilizing a variety of diesel blends with vegetable oils and biodiesels. The oils and biodiesels under examination were derived from canola, soy, palm, coconut, and beef tallow. The analysis of the aldehyde emissions was conducted by using the differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) method. The biodiesels were blended with diesel in specific proportions, and the emissions of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were compared. The findings indicated that the incorporation of triglycerides and biodiesel into diesel fuel led to an observed increase in formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions. Furthermore, the types of triglycerides and biodiesel employed exerted an influence on formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions as the engine load increased. In general, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions were higher at higher loads than at lower loads. Additionally, formaldehyde emissions exceeded those of acetaldehyde emissions. Furthermore, the specific fuel consumption for the fuels under investigation decreased with increasing load.