Potential of Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) Compounds for the Treatment of Breast Cancer: A Network Pharmacology Study

The persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) fruit is known for its wide range of health benefits, but its potential in breast cancer treatment has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to explore the bioactive compounds of persimmon using a network pharmacology approach to determine their therapeutic potential against breast cancer. The bioactive compounds of persimmon were collected from literature studies, while breast cancer target proteins were identified using the GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. Protein-protein interaction visualization was conducted using STRING, and molecular signaling pathway analysis was performed through KEGG. The results identified 350 target proteins of persimmon compounds, 23 of which interacted with breast cancer. Analysis revealed that among these 23 target genes, 10 key genes (ESR1, BRCA1, BRCA2, PIK3CA, TP53, PTEN, AKT1, KRAS, MYC, ESR2) were associated with the active compounds gallic acid, ferulic acid, ellagic acid, P-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, and protocatechuic acid, demonstrating significant potential as therapeutic agents in breast cancer treatment. These substances work by preventing cell division, triggering programmed cell death, and controlling pertinent molecular signalling pathways. Therefore, the active compounds in persimmon fruit hold great potential as natural therapeutic agents for breast cancer, providing a foundation for further research into the development of plant-based therapies.