Effects of Nanoparticle of Saussurea lappa on Stem Cell from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHED) Proliferation and Cancer Cell Inhibition

Saussurea lappa, a medicinal plant, is known for its anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. This study explored the effects of nanoparticle of Saussurea lappa on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) proliferation at various concentrations, aiming to assess its potential in promoting stem cell growth. The preparation of nanoparticles from Saussurea lappa was accomplished through an encapsulation method utilizing Eudragit RS 100.Simultaneously, the cytotoxic effects of nanoparticle of Saussurea lappa on HeLa cells were evaluated by determining its IC₅₀, providing insights into its anticancer properties. The dual focus on enhancing stem cell proliferation and inhibiting cancer cell growth highlights the therapeutic versatility of nanoparticle of Saussurea lappa. SHED proliferation was assessed at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg/ml after exposure for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cell viability was measured using absorbance assays. Additionally, the inhibitory effects of nanoparticle of Saussurea lappa on HeLa cells were evaluated to determine the IC₅₀ value. The nanoparticle Saussurea lappa demonstrates a concentration- and time-dependent effect on cell proliferation. At high concentrations (100–800 µg/mL), it significantly reduces cancer cell viability, indicating strong cytotoxic potential. For SHED cells, proliferation decreases notably at 12.5 µg/mL (p < 0.0001) across 24, 48, and 72 hours, with inhibitory effects diminishing at higher concentrations. Nanoparticle of Saussurea lappa shows promising dual effects as a stimulant of SHED proliferation and an inhibitor of cancer cell growth. These findings suggest its potential therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment, warranting further investigation into its underlying mechanisms and clinical efficacy.