Bioactivity Profiling of Shodhita Tubers of Gloriosa superba Extract: Influence of Solvent Polarity on Antimicrobial Potency

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant worldwide health concern sustained by over and misuse of conventional antibiotics, leading to the emergence of resistant microorganisms, increasing while at the same time the development of new antibiotics is stagnating. Owing to this, there is an increasing scientific focus on identifying natural and potent antimicrobial agents. The aim of this study is to estimate the antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Gloriosa superba Moola (Roots) against antibiotic-resistant and sensitive bacterial strains were chosen for the research work based on their clinical importance and availability. Three Gram-negative pathogenic strains viz. E. coli. Salmonella typhi, klebsiella pneumoniae and three gram-positive pathogenic strains viz. Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, streptococcus pneumoniae were used for antimicrobial activity and the method used for the study was Agar well diffusion method. Comparative analysis of various bacterial strains highlighted variations in their bacterial potency. The acetone extract demonstrated the strongest antibacterial activity, especially against streptococcus pneumoniae, indicating the presence of potent bioactive compounds. These finding highlight the potential of plant-based extracts as alternative antimicrobial agents, suggesting further investigation.