Glycemia under control: the role of micro- and phytonutrients

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global epidemic driven by unbalanced nutrition and physical inactivity. Body weight reduction by 5% and more improves insulin sensitivity, normalizes glycemia and reduces complication risks. However, patients with T2DM frequently demonstrate deficiencies in key vitamins (C, B-complex) and minerals (magnesium, zinc, chromium), which may exacerbate metabolic disorders and increase risk of complications. Addressing these micronutrient deficiencies through dietary fiber (inulin) and phytochemicals (Gymnema sylvestre) supplementation helps improve carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Optimal nutritional therapy should combine balanced diet, physical activity and personalized micronutrient support including multivitamin-multimineral complexes and phytonutrients.