Numerical Analysis of Free Vibration Characteristics in Multilayer Functionally Graded Plates with Coal/Polyester Composites

Functionally graded materials are important in many industries, including automotive, construction, and biomaterial science. In the current work, a functionally graded composite made of multilayers of coal powder and a polyester-based matrix was modelled to examine the free vibration characteristics. The desired models have 5 and 11 layers with three different thicknesses (5, 8, 10) mm. A numerical study was carried out using finite element analysis with the help of ANSYS software tools based on multiple boundary conditions to evaluate the significance of geometrical properties in fundamental frequencies. The reinforced coal material has been added to the mechanical model that characterizes the through-the-thickness distribution of the graded constituents. In terms of dimensionless frequencies, the results show that the frequency parameter decreases with decreasing the length-to-thickness ratio. When the number of layers is increased from 5 to 11, the frequency coefficient improves by 9.35%. The performance of multilayer graded plates is primarily influenced by the type of material distribution and the different geometrical properties. Moreover, the frequency parameter of the plate increases as the boundary conditions are tightened.