Identification, Isolation, and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Hyalomma Species that Infest Cows in Iraq's Wasit Province

Several Hyalomma species have been isolated and identified in Iraq, including Hyalomma truncatum, which was initially discovered in Najaf province, and Hyalomma asiaticum, which was discovered in Duhok. There are also known to be other species, like Hyalomma anatolicum, which is a major vector for diseases like theileriosis. These ticks are known to spread diseases, including Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF), and are found on a variety of species, such as cattle, sheep, and camels. It not only spreads theileria disease but also carries Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is resistant to many antibiotics like amikacin (AK), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC), ceftriaxone (C), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP), cefotaxime (CTX), N-acetylcysteine (NA), meropenem (MEM), azithromycin (ATM), gentamicin (CN), and rifampicin (RA). The 100 ticks that were removed from 20 cows were identified as Hyalomma spp., and they were either males (64%, n = 64) or nymphs (36 %, n = 36). Gram staining was performed on 45 distinct bacterial species that were isolated from the ticks that were collected. The findings indicated that 18 distinct bacterial species are represented among the bacterial isolates. Of the total isolates, about 62.2% (n = 28) were found to be distinct gram-positive bacterial species. In total, 37.7% (n = 17) of the isolates of various species were gram-negative bacteria. Using the VITEK®2 technology, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated and diagnosed with a 95% diagnostic rate