Comparison of Pain with Subcutaneous Lignocaine Infiltration based on Gate-control Hypothesis versus Conventional Bleb Formation before Passing Large-Bore Intravenous Cannula

Objective: To measure the frequency of pain with two techniques of local infiltration, i.e. local infiltration by raising bleb with help of local anesthetic, and rubbing the site of infiltration of local anesthetic. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Anesthesia Department, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta Pakistan, from Mar to Aug 2023. Methodology: A sample of 130 patients was divided into two equal groups: In Group-A, local anesthetic was infiltrated locally by raising a bleb and in Group-B, continuous rubbing was employed over infiltration site of local anesthetic. The frequency of pain was noted in both study group and Chi-square analysis was employed to compute statistical significance through p-value. Results: The numerical rating score (NRS) was higher in Group-A patients as 52(80.0%) patients had NRS >4 while 13(20.0%) had NRS<4. In Group-B only 19(29.2%) patients had NRS >4 while 46(70.8%) patients had NRS<4. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that rubbing reduces pain scores during local infiltration into subcutaneous tissue utilizing gate-control hypothesis.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal
Published
2025-08-30
DOI
https://doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v75i4.10926
Primary Topic
Intramuscular injections and effects
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Comparison of Pain with Subcutaneous Lignocaine Infiltration based on Gate-control Hypothesis versus Conventional Bleb Formation before Passing Large-Bore Intravenous Cannula

Kaukab Majeed, Chaudhry Amjad Ali, Kamran Ansari, Muhammad Rizwan et al.
Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal
Intramuscular injections and effects
article

Comparison of Pain with Subcutaneous Lignocaine Infiltration based on Gate-control Hypothesis versus Conventional Bleb Formation before Passing Large-Bore Intravenous Cannula

Kaukab Majeed, Chaudhry Amjad Ali, Kamran Ansari, Muhammad Rizwan, Akhtar Hussain, Sajjad A. Qureshi
article en

Abstract

Objective: To measure the frequency of pain with two techniques of local infiltration, i.e. local infiltration by raising bleb with help of local anesthetic, and rubbing the site of infiltration of local anesthetic. Study Design: Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Anesthesia Department, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta Pakistan, from Mar to Aug 2023. Methodology: A sample of 130 patients was divided into two equal groups: In Group-A, local anesthetic was infiltrated locally by raising a bleb and in Group-B, continuous rubbing was employed over infiltration site of local anesthetic. The frequency of pain was noted in both study group and Chi-square analysis was employed to compute statistical significance through p-value. Results: The numerical rating score (NRS) was higher in Group-A patients as 52(80.0%) patients had NRS >4 while 13(20.0%) had NRS<4. In Group-B only 19(29.2%) patients had NRS >4 while 46(70.8%) patients had NRS<4. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that rubbing reduces pain scores during local infiltration into subcutaneous tissue utilizing gate-control hypothesis.

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical JournalVol. 75(4)
Combined Military Hospital (PK), National University of Medical Sciences (PK)
Openalex Percentile: Top 65%
Intramuscular injections and effects
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.

Comparison of Pain with Subcutaneous Lignocaine Infiltration based on Gate-control Hypothesis versus Conventional Bleb Formation before Passing Large-Bore Intravenous Cannula — Kaukab Majeed, Chaudhry Amjad Ali, et al. · Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS