Integrated Approach for Energy Conservation and Efficiency Enhancement of Cooling and Air Conditions in Industrial Operations: A Sustainable Design for Yemen

This study proposes a framework for an integrated and sustainable photovoltaic (PV)-based system, which aims at improving energy saving in cooling and air conditioning technologies, enhancing industrial productivity, and minimizing grid electricity dependency.The core goal of this study was to achieve efficient energy consumption by integrating PV systems with a thermal storage system (TES), high-temperatures cooling solutions, and a variable refrigerant flow (VRF).The PVsyst software was employed for analyzing the optimum tilt angle of the PV system in Taiz Al-Huban, Yemen, to be at 17.5.The results showed a reduction in annual energy consumption by 24.79 % when PV is combined with VRF and TES, meeting industrial cooling demands, significantly reducing energy use, and lowering carbon emissions.An additional innovation of this system lies in the design of an efficient cooling system to control PV arrays' temperatures at the required levels, sustaining higher efficiency and generalizing it for varied climatic conditions.Another contribution of this study is the economic feasibility analysis, conducted using both Yemeni and global cost parameters, with an extremely short payback period for the Yemeni context at 2.4 years, underscoring the system's effectiveness in industrial applications.Furthermore, a literature gap analysis identified a clear need for continued research into the integration of advanced cooling technologies with PV systems in industrial settings.The proposed sustainable system agrees with the massive efforts required to bring Yemen's energy sector to a safe level, ensuring an uninterrupted power supply, competitive prices, and environmental cleanliness.