Innovations in Spine Surgery: A Primer

A BSTRACT Spine surgery has undergone tremendous evolution in recent decades, driven by demands for better patient outcomes, reduced complications, and minimally invasive approaches. This review describes the evolution of innovative devices and techniques in spine surgery and highlights their clinical applications, benefits, and challenges. We provide an overview of the most recent technologies of robotic-assisted surgery, interbody fusion devices, artificial disc replacements, and spinal navigation systems. A discussion of biomaterials and strategies of tissue engineering for the repair of the spine will be touched upon.