Dyslipidaemia in patients with acute stroke at Da Nang C hospital, Vietnam

Background: Stroke is a current medical issue in all countries worldwide. Currently, clinical characteristics and risk factors for developing acute stroke as well as dyslipidaemia have been identified. Objectives: The research aimed to describe the status of dyslipidaemia in patients with acute stroke and the relationship between dyslipidaemia and certain clinical characteristics as also risk factors in patients with acute stroke at Da Nang C Hospital, Vietnam. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study analysed 197 medical records of acute stroke patients at Da Nang C Hospital, Vietnam (February 2023-March 2024). Data collected included demographics (age, gender, height, weight), hypertension (systolic BP ≥140 mmHg, diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg), and lipid profiles (TC ≥5.2 mmol/L, triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/L, LDL-C ≥3.4 mmol/L, HDL-C <0.9 mmol/L in males, <1.1 mmol/L in females). Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 25.0 and Microsoft Excel 2016. Chi-square tests and odds ratios were calculated, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results: The percentage of dyslipidaemia in patients with stroke was 80.2%, with low HDL-C (52.3%) and high triglycerides (45.7%) being the most common abnormalities. Dyslipidaemia was more prevalent in the ischemic stroke group (98.1%) compared to the haemorrhagic stroke group with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.26 – 27.58 (P-value = 0.030). The proportion of dyslipidaemia in stroke patients increases with age, with the highest rate observed in the 65-74 age group (38.4%). Stroke patients with dyslipidaemia also have a higher prevalence of hypertension (74.1%, 95% CI: 1.07 – 4.56), diabetes (41.1%, 95% CI: 1.04 – 5.23), and obesity (51.9%); with P-value 0.034, 0.043, and 0.860 respectively. Conclusion: Patients with acute stroke often have dyslipidaemia, with the majority of cases characterized by decreased HDL-C levels and increased triglycerides. This tends to increase gradually with age.