Assessment of thoracic and lumbar curvature among physical education trainees of Mangalore University

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess thoracic and lumbar spinal curvatures among male physical education trainees at Mangalore University using the Idiag M360 Spine Mouse. The study aimed to identify postural alignment in standing, flexion, and extension positions, and to analyze variations based on body mass index (BMI) and type of sport played. Methods: A total of 30 male physical education trainees, aged 18-25 years, participated in the study. Height, weight, and BMI were recorded using standard tools. Spinal curvatures were measured using the Idiag M360 Spine Mouse in three sagittal postural conditions: upright standing, forward flexion, and extension. Data were grouped and analyzed based on sports background (football, hockey, volleyball, others) and BMI categories. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) were used to compare values against normative references. Results: The average thoracic curvature in upright standing was 32.17°, within the normal kyphotic range (20°-45°). Lumbar curvature averaged -19.85°, slightly below the normative range for lordosis. Pelvic tilt was 20.22°, with high variability. In forward flexion, thoracic and lumbar curvatures increased to 44.87° and 28.92°, respectively, and pelvic tilt rose to 53.05°. In extension, lumbar curvature deepened to -36.37°, while pelvic tilt reduced to 17.92°. Sport-specific differences showed that volleyball players had the deepest lumbar curves (-30.44°), and football players had the highest thoracic curvature (35.53°). Higher BMI values were associated with increased pelvic tilt and curvature variability. Conclusion: The study concluded that although mean spinal curvature values fell within normative ranges, significant individual and group differences were observed. Sport type and BMI influenced spinal alignment. Regular postural assessments using tools like the Idiag M360 Spine Mouse are recommended for early detection of abnormalities and improved training outcomes in physically active individuals.