Development of isolation and purification method for extraction of acetogennin from the seeds of custard apple

Acetogenins are bioactive compounds predominantly found in the seeds of Annona squamosa (custard apple) and have demonstrated significant pesticidal, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. However, their practical application is often limited by the lack of standardized and efficient extraction methods that ensure high purity and yield. This study focuses on the development of an optimized protocol for the isolation and purification of acetogenin from custard apple seeds. The procedure integrates seed preparation, solvent extraction, and chromatographic purification to maximize recovery while minimizing degradation of the target compound. The extraction efficiency was evaluated using different solvent systems, and purification was achieved through column chromatography with gradient elution. The yield and purity of acetogenin were assessed using spectroscopic and chromatographic analyses (UV-Vis, TLC, and HPLC). The optimized method yielded acetogenin of high purity, offering a reproducible and scalable approach suitable for further pharmacological studies and industrial applications. This work provides a foundation for cost-effective large-scale production and potential exploitation of acetogenin in pharmaceutical and agrochemical sectors.