The New Challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean Countries Regarding the Implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals

Introduction. The article’s purpose is to identify new challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean (hereinafter – LAC) countries regarding the implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (hereinafter – SDGs). The scientific novelty consists in highlighting the main trends, factors, and signs in the development of LAC countries in the third decade of the 21st century and ways to overcome new challenges of their sustainable development goals. Methods and materials. The messages from news agencies in the USA and Latin American countries were used as materials for the study. Analysis. An analysis of the formal approaches of the United Nations to the process of creating sustainable development was carried out on the basis of foreign sources and literature, including the conditions and possibilities for the implementation of SDGs 1, 2, and 8 by the LAC countries; conceptual differences in the approaches of the United Nations and LAC to the implementation of the SDGs in the context of contemporary turbulence in regional and global politics; and the emergence of new conditions for their cooperation with the leading world powers were identified. Results. The author’s article succeeded in clarifying the possible results from the UN approaches to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals of SDG-2030 in his article. It has been established that LAC countries are unable to fulfill them either on their own or with the help of international organizations. The main goals of SDGs 1, 2, and 8 remain unattainable, both due to the expected decline in economic growth in the period 2026–2029 and the social situation of the population in LAC countries. Past problems of cross-border crime, drug trafficking, extortion, and kidnapping are causing new internal displacement of millions of people. Despite the growing number of prisoners in LAC countries, the problem of crime remains one of the main concerns of Latin American governments. The problem of migration exodus is being resolved very slowly, and its negative impact remains almost at the same level, and in some countries, such as Haiti, Cuba, Colombia, Venezuela, and El Salvador, this problem is growing. In addition, new negative factors have been added, hindering the implementation of the UN SDGs. These are negative environmental and climatic factors in Latin America, the American policy of mass deportations of Latin Americans from the USA, which creates additional pressure among the most vulnerable segments of the population, and the American tariff policy in the Latin American region. At the same time, a “window of opportunity” is opening for LAC countries to enter the world stage to expand their cooperation with countries from other continents in Africa and Eurasia, both directly and within the framework of BRICS and the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative.