The gut microbiota effect on obesity and associated metabolic disorders: A Review

The microbiome plays a significant role as a novel factor of biology that indirectly causes obesity through interactions with the host and diet. It affects sugar and fat metabolism and contributes to the regulation of a host's intestinal immunity. This is one of the mechanisms through which it contributes response to diet and the pathophysiology of diet-induced obesity. Obesity is a modern disease that has reached epidemic proportions in all societies due to the metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation it causes. Energy-rich diets and a sedentary lifestyle without exercise are factors that lead to obesity. This review aims to shed light on an important problem facing societies, the resulting threat to human health, and how to treat it using modern applications.