PROTOCOLO DE TREINAMENTO PARA HIPERTROFIA MUSCULAR EM ATLETAS DE FISICULTURISMO DE ALTO NÍVEL: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE MÉTODOS TRADICIONAIS E PROTOCOLOS FUNCIONAIS AVANÇADOS

This study aimed to comparatively analyze the effects of traditional and advanced functional resistance training protocols on muscle hypertrophy in high-level bodybuilding athletes. Using a systematic literature review and document analysis methodology, 38 scientific articles, 4 meta-analyses, and 3 technical guidelines published between 2015 and 2024 were evaluated. The results indicated that, although both methods promote significant lean mass gains, advanced functional protocols showed slight quantitative and qualitative superiority, with greater neuromuscular integration, joint stability, and injury prevention. In contrast, traditional protocols demonstrated greater control over training variables and predictability of results, being recommended for periodization phases aimed at muscle symmetry and definition. It is concluded that the strategic integration of both methods, adjusted to individual needs, represents the most efficient approach to maximize high-performance results and preserve sports longevity.