Assessment of Community Perception and Myths About Dementia in Elderly: A Population-Based Study in Ilorin Metropolis

Background: Dementia represents a critical global health challenge with significant implications for elderly individuals. The prevalence of dementia is on the rise as the elderly population grows. This study aims to assess the community perception and myths about dementia in Ilorin metropolis. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to assess community perceptions and myths about dementia among the elderly population. A total of 414 individuals comprising elderly persons and their care givers were selected within the Ilorin metropolis through multistage sampling technique and data was collected through interviews and structured questionnaires. Statistical software, STATA 11.0 was employed for data analysis, including descriptive and inferential statistics to examine associations. Level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 at confidence level of 95% for all inferential analysis. Results: The study underscores that majority had low perceptions, various myths and misconceptions about dementia. The findings suggest a moderate level of awareness about dementia among the participants, with a focus on symptoms and some recognition of related activities. Attitudes towards dementia were predominantly positive, with more than 60% of respondents expressing a positive attitude. Individuals who are unaware of dementia have significantly higher odds of perceiving mythical prevalence with an odds ratio of 5.32 (95% CI: 2.39-11.85, p<0.001), which is statistically significant. Conclusion: The study underscores the prevailing myths and perceptions of dementia among community members in the Ilorin metropolis. Also, the study critically assessed the attitudes of residents on the understanding and acceptance of dementia and revealed there is a significant level of lack of awareness and understanding about dementia. However, enhancing preventive strategies collectively by individuals, caregivers and policymakers is essential to alleviate the negative effects of the existing myths about dementia. Keywords: Dementia, Stigma, Community perception, Elderly myths.