Effect of natural environmental changes on Hainan migratory population with hypertension in China and related plasma metabolism features

The population-based study was aimed to probe the impact of environments on migratory population. A preliminary research on the duration of Hainan and the changes of blood pressure between Hainan and hometown was carried out among 262 migratory population. Fourteen pairs of long-term migrants and short-term migrants who migrated from Northeast China were further matched. The environmental exposure was estimated with satellite-based indices, including NDVI_1km,NDVI_500m, EVI_1km, EVI_500m, PM_2.5,PM₁₀, temperature and humidity. The plasma samples were collected for untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics. The nonlinear relation represented that the differential value of blood pressure changes without taking antihypertensive drugs gradient descended and then rose accompanying with Hainan duration, and decline turning point of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were 4.43 and 6.28 month, respectively (P for nonlinear < 0.05). Five untargeted metabolites and ten lipids were identified as differential metabolites between long-term migrants and short-term migrants, and one enriched KEGG pathway, glycerolphospholipid, was identified. The plasma PC (36:5) and LysoPE (18:1) levels were significantly positively correlated with the green space exposure (P < 0.05) in the short-term migrants, and a negative correlation was observed between the plasma 4-carboxypyrazole level and temperature in the long-term migrants (P = 0.017). Our findings illustrated that moving to Hainan for about 4-6 months was more conducive to the improvement of blood pressure before taking antihypertensive drugs on hypertensive elderly, and the difference of plasma metabolomics between short-term and long-term migrants might be related to previous environmental exposure.