Mapping the Hematological Landscape of Cholecystitis: A Correlative Insight

Context: Acute cholecystitis is a significant surgical emergency in the ED that necessitates timely diagnosis and multidisciplinary management to prevent morbidity. Familiarity with its clinical spectrum, imaging findings, and therapeutic algorithms is essential for clinicians in emergency and surgical settings. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of inflammatory biomarkers like immature granulocyte count (IGC) and immature granulocyte percentage (IG%) in diagnosing acute cholecystitis (AC) among patients presenting to the emergency department. Material and methods: This retrospective observational study included patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis who presented with abdominal pain to a tertiary care emergency department between January 2023 and December 2023. After collecting and analyzing the data, the diagnostic value of IGC and IG% for acute cholecystitis was evaluated. Results:The study analyzed 493 patients in total, comprising 270 individuals in the acute cholecystitis (AC) group and 223 in the control group (CG). Both IG% and IGC levels were significantly elevated in the AC group compared to the CG. Findings indicated that IGC demonstrated higher sensitivity than specificity in predicting AC, whereas IG% showed greater specificity than sensitivity for the same diagnosis. Conclusions: In conclusion, IGC and IG% may serve as valuable inflammatory markers for diagnosing acute cholecystitis in patients presenting to the emergency department.