Spectroscopic study of ssbb and bbbb tetraquarks using Regge phenomenology

In this work, we investigate the mass spectra of doubly strange–doubly bottom ([Formula: see text]) and fully bottom ([Formula: see text]) tetraquark states using the framework of Regge phenomenology. By modeling these tetraquarks as bound diquark–antidiquark systems, we employ quasi-linear Regge trajectories to study both orbital and radial excitations. Within this formalism, we derive linear and quadratic mass inequalities that impose constraints on the masses of ground and excited states of tetraquarks in the [Formula: see text] plane. We further extend the analysis to radial excitations through the construction of Regge trajectories in the [Formula: see text] plane. Our results show that this phenomenological approach offers a simple yet robust tool for describing tetraquark mass spectra, reproducing trends consistent with other theoretical predictions. The findings serve as valuable references for future experimental searches and may aid in the spin–parity classification of exotic hadrons. Overall, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of multiquark dynamics and hadron spectroscopy within the framework of quantum chromodynamics.