Mandibular Bone Loss: A Case Report of Idiopathic Osteolysis

Mandibular bone loss can cause functional and aesthetic challenges. Idiopathic osteolysis, characterized by spontaneous and progressive bone resorption, may affect the craniofacial skeleton and often presents without pain or inflammation, leading to delayed diagnosis. This report presents a case of a 33-year-old female patient with mandibular bone loss exhibiting tooth mobility, pain, and difficulty chewing. Subsequently, the patient underwent mandibular reconstruction to restore anatomical integrity and improve functional capacity and psychosocial well-being. The case highlights the nonspecific presentation, which leads to late diagnosis and a complicated clinical course. With no universally accepted standard of care, management focuses on alleviating symptoms, preserving function, and preventing complications. We characterize this rare osteolytic condition through clinical, radiographic, and histopathological evaluation.