Evaluation of hydraulic jump characteristics in rough sloping surfaces for sustainable environment: A laboratory investigation

Hydraulic jumps occur in various hydraulic structures such as stilling basin and energy dissipaters.By studying the effect of gravel bed material size on hydraulic jump characteristics, researchers can gain insights into how to enhance energy dissipation and reduce the impact of hydraulic jumps on channel stability, erosion, and sediment transport.This research can contribute to more environmentally friendly and sustainable hydraulic designs.In this research experiment was performed on rapidly varied flow test setup for four different channel slopes varied from 0 to 6 and three different gravel bed material sizes (10 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm).Over the course of experiment, the Reynolds number varied from 5500 to 26500 and the Froude number varied from 2.45 to 8.75.Using a novel intuitive technique, correlations were created for various hydraulic jump characteristics in rough sloping channels by first accounting for the inflow Reynolds number.A rise in roughness height results in an average drop of relative jump height of about 16.21%, while the average reduction when compared to a classical jump is approximately 67.25%.For gravel bed material sizes of 10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm, respectively, the average increase in relative energy dissipation was determined to be about 32.47%, 48.32%, and 58.02% for the rise in slope of channel from 0 to 6.