Creating High-Fit Work Situations: A Three-Dimensional Model Integrating the Kano Model and Trait Activation Theory in Employee Management

In response to the increasing demand for personalized employee management in the digital era, this study introduces a three-dimensional interaction model integrating the Kano model and Trait Activation Theory.The research aims to explore how employee needs, personality traits, and work context interact to influence behavioral intentions.A mixed-method approach was adopted, involving a two-way Kano questionnaire to classify five job-related needs, the BFI-20 scale to assess personality traits, and scenario-based evaluations to measure behavioral responses under different contextual settings.Cluster analysis identified three personality types, and regression modeling tested the predictive power of interaction effects.Results revealed that "task clarity" and "feedback mechanisms" are basic needs, while "task autonomy" and "motivational structure" are aspirational.Trait-situation interaction significantly impacted behavioral outcomes-for instance, responsible-stable employees were more likely to report higher engagement in structured, feedback-rich environments.At the same time, sensitive-low-conscientious individuals tended to report higher turnover intention under negative contexts.The model demonstrated the strongest statistical association with proactive behavior (R = 0.416), particularly in the interaction of "autonomy extraversion feedback" ( = 0.31).This study offers a new dual-fit framework to guide personalized job design and employee engagement strategies, with implications for future cross-industry and longitudinal applications.