KEKERASAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DALAM CERPEN “PENGUBURAN KEMBALI SITARESMI”, “JEMARI KIRI”, DAN “LETEH”: KAJIAN INTERSEKSIONALITAS

Many Indonesian literary works contain gender narratives, particularly violence against women. This study explores intersectional violence in a comparatively within the short stories “Penguburan Kembali Sitaresmi”, “Jemari Nayla”, and “Leteh”. By combining Galtung’s theory of violence and Crenshaw’s intersectionality, this research conducts a close reading to interpret the data in accordance with the theory, comparative analysis, as well as the socio-political context that allows the depiction of such violence. The findings are as follows. In the first short story, direct violence (murder) and structural violence (marginalization) are depicted. In this violence, gender intersects with class of occupation and political identity constructed by the military and the state toward women. In the second short story, Nayla experiences ongoing violence in both the past and present. The sexual violence in the past, which intersectionally occurs due to power relations of position and age, produces traumatic memories. These memories lead to a bad identity, causing her to experience future violence in the form of marginalization by her husband. In the third short story, structural violence (stigmatization) takes place. Intersectional identities do not appear in the narrative, but link gender relations to development. The intersectionality in this story shows that there are structures, processes, and institutions that position women as passive and non-contributory to development. From the comparison of the three, similarities can be drawn, but in general, violence against women is heterogeneous, emerging within specific socio-political contexts.