Building Instance Extraction via Multi-Scale Hybrid Dual-Attention Network

Accurate building instance segmentation from high-resolution remote sensing images remains challenging due to complex urban scenes featuring occlusions, irregular building shapes, and heterogeneous textures. To address these issues, we propose a novel Multi-Scale Hybrid Dual-Attention Network (MS-HDAN), which integrates a dual-stream encoder, multi-scale feature extraction, and a hybrid attention mechanism. Specifically, the encoder is designed with a Local Feature Extraction Pathway (LFEP) and a Global Context Modeling Pathway (GCMP), enabling simultaneous capture of structural details and long-range semantic dependencies. A Local-Global Collaborative Perception Enhancement Module (LG-CPEM) is introduced to fuse the outputs from both streams, enhancing contextual representation. The decoder adopts a hierarchical up-sampling structure with skip connections and incorporates a dual-attention module to refine boundary-level details and suppress background noise. Extensive experiments on benchmark urban building datasets demonstrate that MS-HDAN significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, particularly in handling densely distributed and structurally complex buildings. The proposed framework offers a robust and scalable solution for real-world applications, such as urban planning, where precise building segmentation is crucial.