Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing—Based Direct Mapping—Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Mobile Electroencephalography Communication Technique

Electroencephalography (EEG) communication technology with ultra-low power consumption, high transmission data rates, and low latency plays a significant role in mHealth, telemedicine, and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). In this paper, generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM)-based direct mapping (DM) multi-input—multi-output (MIMO) mobile EEG communication technology (MECT) is proposed for implementation with the above-mentioned applications. The (2000, 1000) low-density parity-check (LDPC) code, four-quadrature amplitude modulation (4-QAM), a power assignment mechanism, and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) cluster delay line (CDL) channel model D were integrated into the proposed EEGCT. The transmission bit error rates (BERs), mean square errors (MSEs), and Pearson-correlation coefficients (PCCs) of the original and received EEG signals were evaluated. Simulation results show that, with a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 14.51 dB, with a channel estimation error (CEE) of 5%, the BER, MSE, and PCC of the original and received EEG signals were 9.9777 × 10−8, 1.440 × 10−5 and 0.999999998, respectively, whereas, with an SNR of 15.0004 dB and a CEE of 10%, they were 9.9777 × 10−8, 1.4368 × 10−5, and 0.999999997622151, respectively. As the BER value, and PS saving are 9.9777 × 10−8, and 40%, respectively. With the CEE changes from 0% to 5%, and 5% to 10%, the N0 values of the proposed MECT decrease by approximately 0.0022 and 0.002, respectively. The MECT has excellent EEG signal transmission performance.

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Publication Details

Journal
Applied Sciences
Published
2025-08-28
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/app15179451
Citations
1
Primary Topic
EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.43

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article

Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing—Based Direct Mapping—Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Mobile Electroencephalography Communication Technique

Kun-Yu Chen, Chin‐Feng Lin
1 citations
Applied Sciences
EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
1.43
article

Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing—Based Direct Mapping—Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Mobile Electroencephalography Communication Technique

Kun-Yu Chen, Chin‐Feng Lin
article en
1 citations

Abstract

Electroencephalography (EEG) communication technology with ultra-low power consumption, high transmission data rates, and low latency plays a significant role in mHealth, telemedicine, and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). In this paper, generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM)-based direct mapping (DM) multi-input—multi-output (MIMO) mobile EEG communication technology (MECT) is proposed for implementation with the above-mentioned applications. The (2000, 1000) low-density parity-check (LDPC) code, four-quadrature amplitude modulation (4-QAM), a power assignment mechanism, and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) cluster delay line (CDL) channel model D were integrated into the proposed EEGCT. The transmission bit error rates (BERs), mean square errors (MSEs), and Pearson-correlation coefficients (PCCs) of the original and received EEG signals were evaluated. Simulation results show that, with a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 14.51 dB, with a channel estimation error (CEE) of 5%, the BER, MSE, and PCC of the original and received EEG signals were 9.9777 × 10−8, 1.440 × 10−5 and 0.999999998, respectively, whereas, with an SNR of 15.0004 dB and a CEE of 10%, they were 9.9777 × 10−8, 1.4368 × 10−5, and 0.999999997622151, respectively. As the BER value, and PS saving are 9.9777 × 10−8, and 40%, respectively. With the CEE changes from 0% to 5%, and 5% to 10%, the N0 values of the proposed MECT decrease by approximately 0.0022 and 0.002, respectively. The MECT has excellent EEG signal transmission performance.

Applied SciencesVol. 15(17)
National Taiwan Ocean University (TW)
Ministry of Education, India
Openalex Percentile: Top 16%
EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
1.43
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Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing—Based Direct Mapping—Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Mobile Electroencephalography Communication Technique — Kun-Yu Chen, Chin‐Feng Lin · Applied Sciences (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS