Research on a Dual‐Effect DC Ocean Energy Harvesting System Combining the Ternary Dielectric Effect and the Seebeck Effect

Abstract Marine distributed sensing networks remain constrained by the short lifespan, maintenance complexity, and ecological risks of battery‐based power systems. Conventional energy harvesters typically rely on single energy sources and generate alternating current, resulting in rectification losses and limited efficiency in dynamic marine environments. To overcome these challenges, a dual‐effect direct‐current oceanic energy collector (DE‐DOEC) is proposed that integrates two novel components: a ternary dielectric triboelectric nanogenerator (TDC‐TENG) and a solar‐filled micro‐thermoelectric generator (SS‐MTEG). The TDC‐TENG adopts a non‐equidistant sector grating and leverages the ternary dielectric effect (ETFE‐Cu‐TPU) to produce rectifier‐free direct current. A quantitative charge‐transfer model is developed to clarify the DC output mechanism. In parallel, the SS‐MTEG employs a polyurethane‐filled heat conduction channel to enhance temperature gradient utilization under solar irradiation. Experimental results confirm that the TDC‐TENG delivers 34.6 mW at 180 rpm, while the SS‐MTEG achieves 60.5 µW under an 80 K temperature difference. Together, they power LEDs, sensors, and wireless modules, demonstrating stable and sustainable performance. This dual‐source strategy enables low‐cost, corrosion‐resistant, and maintenance‐free energy harvesting for marine environments, paving the way toward long‐term deployment of autonomous sensor networks and advancing the development of intelligent ocean infrastructure.