Association of Dentoskeletal Malocclusions with ABO Blood Groups: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Malocclusion has a multifactorial aetiology and can be attributed to local as well as general factors.Genetics plays a significant role in aetiology of malocclusion.Malocclusion is considered as a quantitative genetic trait with continuous graded distribution in the population.Association between various oral diseases with ABO blood groups have been established in the past.ABO blood groups are one of the most important human genetic traits that follows Mendalian inheritance.Since both the ABO blood groups and malocclusion are genetic traits, authors have carried out studies to assess if association between the two exists.Cross sectional study was carried out is to assess the association between dental, skeletal malocclusions with the ABO blood groups. Materials and Methods:This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted in 100 subjects in the range of 18-28 years.Standard pretreatment study models and lateral cephalograms were taken.Dental malocclusion was assessed from study models.Cephalograms were analyzed for three vertical skeletal cephalometric parameters which included FMA angle, Y -axis, Sn-GoGn Angle.Five sagittal cephalometric parameters which included ANB angle, WITS appraisal, App-Bpp, YEN angle and Beta angle.Blood group assessment was done using the point of care device Erycard2.0.Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 23 and p value 0.5. Results:This study concluded that there was no statistically significant association between dentoskeletal malocclusions and ABO blood groups.Also, there is lack of data regarding any association between the genotypes of dental and skeletal malocclusions with alleles of ABO blood groups.