Epidemiological, Clinical, and Electroencephalographic Profile of Epileptic Children with ADHD at LNSM Antsakaviro, Antananarivo, Madagascar

Introduction: ADHD is a neurobiological disorder that constitutes a public health problem.Our aim was to establish the epidemiological, clinical, and electroencephalographic profile of patients with epilepsy and ADHD at LNSM Antsakaviro.Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional study based on consecutive patient records over three months from February 1, 2016, to April 30, 2016. Results:We included 53 patients, with a predominance in the 3-6 years age group.The median age was 6.43 years, and the sex ratio was 1.789.ADHD was especially present in children with idiopathic epilepsy (60.37%).Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (n = 21; 39.62%) were associated with a higher prevalence of ADHD, with the hyperactive subtype being predominant (n = 12).In 47.16% of cases (n = 25), no epileptiform activity was observed on awake EEG recordings; focal temporal abnormalities were found in 57.14%(n = 4) of focal cases.Forty-seven patients receiving sodium valproate presented with the hyperactive-impulsive subtype of ADHD (n = 24).No patient received treatment for ADHD. Conclusion:The diagnosis and management of ADHD are insufficiently addressed.Establishing a dedicated ADHD care pathway and training qualified professionals are essential for improving care in Madagascar.