Assessment of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) Practices on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Uptake, and Economic Viability of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) is a holistic strategy designed to enhance crop yields while maintaining long-term soil fertility. It combines chemical fertilizers with organic manures and biofertilizers to ensure balanced nutrient supply and sustainable soil health. Overdependence on chemical fertilizers has led to nutrient imbalances, declining soil fertility, rising input costs, and environmental degradation. A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2024–25 at the Experimental Farm, Mewar University, Chittorgarh (Rajasthan), to evaluate the effect of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) on the growth, yield, and economics of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The study involved nine treatments combining different levels of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) with organic sources like vermicompost and poultry manure, as well as biofertilizers (Azotobacter and PSB). Results revealed that treatment T9 (75% RDF + S at 40 kg ha⁻¹ + Vermicompost at 5 t ha⁻¹ + Azotobacter + PSB) recorded the highest seed yield (1795.74 kg ha⁻¹), stover yield (6155.69 kg ha⁻¹), and leaf area index (2.44). Growth attributes such as plant height and yield components like the number of siliquae per plant and seeds per siliqua were significantly improved with integrated nutrient application. The treatment also accounted for significant economic returns compared to control. The findings underscore that a combination of organic, inorganic, and biological sources enhances mustard productivity and soil health, though economic returns vary depending on input costs. The results suggest that the integration of organic and biological inputs with chemical fertilizers not only enhances productivity but also contributes to sustainable soil health. Therefore, INM practices should be encouraged for long-term profitability and ecological resilience in mustard-based cropping systems. Further multi-seasonal and location-specific trials are recommended to validate the long-term benefits of such nutrient strategies.