IUC22370-79 Sleep disturbances in androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)-treated patients: a narrative review

Abstract Background Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a primary treatment for prostate cancer, significantly affecting patients’ quality of life. Sleep disturbances are frequently reported among ADT-treated individuals, impacting both physical and mental well-being. This narrative review examines the prevalence, underlying mechanisms, management strategies, and future research directions related to sleep disturbances in ADT-treated patients. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library. Eligible studies—including clinical trials, observational studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews—were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Extracted data were synthesized into thematic categories focusing on prevalence, pathophysiology, management strategies, and treatment outcomes. Results Sleep disturbances are common among ADT-treated patients, presenting with varying severity and functional impact. Underlying mechanisms include hormonal alterations, psychological factors, and comorbid conditions. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions—such as cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and pharmacotherapy—show potential for symptom relief. However, standardized treatment protocols remain limited. Conclusions Sleep disturbances in ADT-treated patients pose a significant clinical concern. Despite existing management strategies, further research is necessary to elucidate underlying mechanisms and establish tailored, evidence-based interventions. Routine assessment and management of sleep disturbances by clinicians are essential to enhance patient quality of life. Future studies should prioritize personalized treatment approaches and long-term outcomes.