A dynamic system model for sustainable waste management in Bantaeng regency

Waste is a critical issue in urban areas, including Bantaeng Regency, which, despite its reputation as a clean city, continues to face major challenges in its waste management system.Limitations in infrastructure, insufficient landfill (TPA) capacity, and suboptimal waste handling methods have led to 35.62% of waste remaining unmanaged in 2024.This study aims to develop a dynamic system model to evaluate the performance of the existing waste management system and simulate alternative policy scenarios to achieve sustainable waste governance.A quantitative-descriptive approach was employed using the Vensim software.Data were obtained through field observations, stakeholder interviews, and secondary sources from relevant agencies.The model includes variables such as population, waste generation, transport and processing capacities, and vehicle trip frequency.Model validation was conducted through mean comparison and error variance tests.Four scenarios were simulated: existing, moderate, optimistic, and Regional Waste Management Strategy.The results show that under the existing scenario, only about 35% of waste is properly managed, and if no intervention is implemented, unmanaged waste is projected to increase to 38% or approximately 12,000 tons per year.The moderate and optimistic scenarios improved performance, reaching 52% and 60% waste handling, respectively.The Jakstrada Regional Waste Management Strategy scenario yielded the most optimal results, with 71% of waste handled and 29.8% reduced, achieving the national target of 100% waste management.This study confirms the effectiveness of dynamic system modeling in evaluating data-driven policy decisions.The Jakstrada scenario is recommended as the most realistic and contextappropriate strategy to support sustainable waste management goals in Bantaeng regency.