Energy and Nutrient Intake Gaps and Socioeconomic Determinants of Ultra-Processed and Less-Processed Foods Consumed in Ethiopia: Evidence from National Food Consumption Survey
Adequate intake of micronutrients, fruits, and vegetables is essential to meet the RNI and could have reduced existing body micronutrient deficiencies, such as vitamin A, zinc, iodine, calcium, vitamin D, and selenium prevalence. Whether UPF intake in urban areas is associated with insufficient availability and access to NOVA1 foods or just due to the higher provision of UPF and gained popularity needs additional investigation. Further study is recommended to simulate the impact of increased fruits and vegetables and/or reduced intake of selected UPF, salts, and oils on NCD markers or mortality in the country.
Authors
- Kifle Habte (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8385-6167)
- Inge D. Brouwer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2554-7227)
- Muthulisi Siwela (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8703-9431)
- Tibebu Moges (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8417-3483)
- Nqobile Monate Mkolo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3631-4522)
- Dejen Tesfaw
- Edith J. M. Feskens (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5819-2488)
- Masresha Tessema (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7155-4815)
- Stefanie Vandevijvere (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3225-7524)
- Annette Van Onselen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8318-5634)
Institutions
- University of South Africa (ZA)
- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University (ZA)
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute (ET)
- Institut Scientifique de Santé Publique (BE)
- Addis Ababa University (ET)
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- University of KwaZulu-Natal (ZA)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Nutrients
- Published
- 2025-08-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17172818
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.88