The Impact of a Multidisciplinary Patient Education Program on Venous Leg Ulcer Healing: A Randomised Controlled Trial

To evaluate the impact of a nurse-led, multidisciplinary education programme on wound healing, patient knowledge, and adherence to compression therapy, physical activity, and nutrition in individuals with venous leg ulcers (VLU). In this randomised controlled trial, 87 patients with VLU from three outpatient clinics in Western Switzerland were allocated to an intervention group (IG) receiving structured education plus standard care, or a control group (CG) receiving standard care alone. The 12-month intervention included in-person education, counselling, and follow-ups. The primary outcome was complete wound closure at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included wound area reduction, patient knowledge, adherence behaviours, and ulcer recurrence. At 12 months there was no significant difference in complete wound closure between groups (p = 0.668). Wound area reduction was significantly greater in the IG at 1 month (54.0% vs. 35.6%, p = 0.041). The IG showed earlier and greater improvements in knowledge, self-efficacy, and adherence to compression therapy and mobility. No significant differences in nutritional behaviour or body weight were observed. Nurse-led education improved early healing and patient engagement. Sustained behaviour change may require longer-term support and targeted nutritional interventions. Future research should explore adaptive education models and digital tools for long-term VLU management.