Spatially resolved electronic parameters on perovskite modules using luminescence imaging

Characterization of individual cell performance in monolithically-integrated thin film modules is a challenge. It is not possible to directly address individual cells in the module electrically. The inaccessibility of the cells thus constrains the study of performance limitations in a module during operation. Luminescence imaging can provide insights into individual cells without making direct electrical contact to the cells. Previous work has demonstrated biased photo-luminescence imaging techniques to obtain spatially resolved charge extraction efficiency in individual solar cells. In this work, we present a method that uses a well contacted single cell in a monolithically integrated perovskite mini-module to calibrate from luminescence to implied voltage. We then use the implied voltage to obtain spatially resolved pseudo-IV image of every point in a monolithically integrated thin film perovskite module. This work thus presents an approach to obtain spatially resolved single cell and sub-cell information in a thin film perovskite module.