Peak Current Mode Control for Ultra-High Step-Down Converter

Google developed and deployed a 48 V power ecosystem in 2010, which utilizes point-of-load technology to improve efficiency and reliability in data centers and servers. Compared with 12 V systems, 48 V systems suffer significantly lower energy losses and achieve better overall performance. Recent announcements at the Open Compute Project Summit highlight the industry's shift toward 48 V servers and infrastructure, with a <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$&gt;30 {\%}$</tex> reduction in energy losses expected by transitioning from traditional 12 V racks to 48 V racks. The primary advantage of a 48 V architecture is a 16 -fold reduction in the power losses from resistive factors such as copper bus bars, wires, and PCB traces. However, converting 48 V to the CPU voltage is challenging as the associated conversion efficiency is lower than that for conventional 12 V designs. Nevertheless, the benefits of reducing the energy losses in power distribution position the 48 V approach as a promising solution for improving the efficiency of data center operation and server infrastructure.