Improving Power Generation from Shaded Photovoltaic modules via Small-Area High-Voltage Structures with Bypass Diodes

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are a key technology in renewable energy, but their efficiency is significantly reduced under partial shading conditions. Shading causes imbalances within the module, leading to hot spots, reduced power output, and potential damage to the cells. While bypass diodes are commonly used to mitigate these effects, they are not always sufficient to fully optimize power generation under varying shading scenarios. This study introduces a novel Small-Area High-Voltage (SAHiV) module design, which aims to enhance the performance of shaded PV systems by strategically integrating multiple bypass diodes. The SAHiV approach divides the cells into smaller cells, resulting in a module with high voltage and low current. This configuration helps to reduce the impact of current fluctuations caused by shading, even without bypass diodes. The study also demonstrates how the SAHiV design optimizes module tolerance and ensures stable power production, offering a potential solution to the challenges faced by urban PVs, where shading is often a significant issue.