Optimization of Optical Properties in Cu2ZnSnSe4 Solar Cells Using ZnO:Al Periodic Structures

This research not only contributes to optical design but also holds significant importance for the future development of CZTS(Se) technology. This research explored the use of vacuum deposition and nanoimprint lithography to enhance the efficiency of Cuâ‚‚ZnSnSeâ‚„ (CZTSe) solar cells. By creating periodic sub-wavelength structures on the cell surface, the study aimed to minimize light reflection and improve energy conversion. Two types of surface architectures were investigated: Nano-cone and Nano-hill. Simulation results indicated that the Nano-hill structure exhibited superior anti-reflective properties due to its gradient refractive index. Experimental results confirmed this prediction, showing a significant reduction in reflectance across various incident angles. For instance, average reflectance decreased from 9.8% to 7.3%, and at a 60-degree angle, it dropped from 17.9% to 9.5%. This surface modification led to a substantial increase in solar cell efficiency, from 3.6% to 6.6%. These findings demonstrate the potential of this approach for improving the performance of CZTSe solar cells and highlight the importance of surface engineering in photovoltaic technology.