Dropout in ICT-related programs. Causes and possible interventions at the Universitat Politècnica de València

The rapid evolution of the labour market, driven by technological advances, has increased the demand for STEM professionals, especially in ICT-related fields. However, high dropout rates in these programs create a significant mismatch between the needs of the labour market and the supply of graduates. University dropout is a complex phenomenon with significant repercussions at both the personal and socioeconomic levels. Tackling this problem is paramount. This study focuses on dropout rates in ICT-related programs at the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV). Using a mixed methodological approach, the research combines in-depth qualitative interviews with 12 students who dropped out or were at risk of dropping out, and a quantitative survey completed by 154 students in STEM programs. The results reveal key factors contributing to dropout, such as students‘ negative academic experience, the mismatch between students’ expectations and the reality of the programme, and the personal and social environment. These findings are consistent with previous studies conducted in Spain and other European countries. The study highlights the need for early identification of at-risk students and the implementation of targeted intervention strategies to improve retention. By addressing these factors, UPV aims to design an effective dropout prevention system that ensures a sustainable pipeline of qualified ICT professionals and supports broader socio-economic development. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on university dropout.