The impacts of El Nino-Southern Oscillation on Solar Power Potential in India

This study assesses the impact of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on solar photovoltaic (SPV) power generation in India, focusing on the variations in solar radiation due to La Nina and El Nino events. NASA web site data for direct solar radiation were analysed for three different climatic zones to study the variability of ENSO impact. The trend of the variability is compared with the measured data collected from multiple locations, in India including western zone and southern zone, over the period 2017-2023. Findings reveal significant regional differences in solar radiation during the ENSO event. Northern states are significantly impacted by El Nino, while southern states are more afftected by La Nina. Gujarat showing relatively stable radiation levels and minimal impact during La Nina, while Karnataka experiences substantial reductions due to increased cloud cover and rainfall. Telagana, however, exhibited minimal variation in radiation, likely due to clear sky with more sunshine hour. This study will help solar power developer in planning, energy predicting and risk valuation in India.