Exploring the degradation mechanisms in CZTS solar cells over a two months period in harsh environments

In our study, we aim to investigate how environmental factors affect the aging process of CZTS solar cells over a prolonged two months period. To achieve this, we design and evaluate the stability of solar cell devices with a CdS/CZTS configuration. Using ToF-SIMS, XPS, and TEM, we observe significant ion migration during the study, primarily due to the degradation of the CZTS absorber layer, with copper and sulfur diffusion emerging as key contributors. These findings provide essential insights into the long-term stability of CZTS solar cells and open avenues for their optimization and scalability in commercial applications.