Achieving Adaptive Multi-Path Routing and Order-Preserving Time Slot Planning in TSN

With the rise of autonomous driving, the performance requirements for In-vehicular networks are continuously increasing. Existing research leverages Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability (FRER) and Time-Aware Shaper (TAS) mechanisms in Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) to achieve deterministic transmission. FRER requires transmitting flows over multiple disjoint paths. However, FRER lacks redundancy degree selection strategies, and the delay differences between redundant paths lead to packet disorder, which increases network resource overhead and compromises traffic QoS. In this paper, we propose a Bandwidth-Aware with Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability (BA-FRER) algorithm dynamically selects redundancy degree based on the current network bandwidth resources, delay, and reliability utility function. Additionally, we propose a Redundant-Aware Order Preservation (RAOP) algorithm configures time slots for each flow based on the TAS mechanism to align the delays of redundant paths. The evaluation results show that the BA-FRER algorithm improves the utilization of network bandwidth resources, the flow access rate, and the reliability, while the RAOP algorithm reduces the probability of packet disorder.