Uniform Array-Compatible Generalized Joined Coupler Matrix With Independent Multibeam Scanning

Independent multibeam scanning is a key technology for next-generation wireless systems. This letter introduces an innovative Nolen-like generalized joined coupler (GJC) matrix architecture specifically tailored for uniform arrays, facilitating independently steerable multibeam operation within a standardized, horizontally-aligned configuration. To realize this, custom-designed circular couplers are employed to form a compact and horizontally aligned feeding network, paired with compact tunable reflection-type phase shifters. The new method overcomes the limitations of conventional GJC matrices, which typically feature slant-aligned feeding structures that complicate integration and introduce additional losses. It is validated through the design and implementation of a 3× 8 tunable GJC matrix, demonstrating three independently controlled beams across a wide angular range of –45° to 45° within the 3.3 to 3.7 GHz band. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the design, highlighting its potential to enhance the integration of GJC matrices with uniform arrays and advancing the GJC-based multibeam architectures for future wireless systems.