RAPID PROGRESSION OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA - THE IMPORTANCE OF PROMPT DIAGNOSIS AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY COOPERATION - A CASE REPORT

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a significant global health concern, with high morbidity and mortality largely attributable to delayed diagnosis. Despite the accessibility of the oral cavity for clinical inspection and the presence of well-established risk factors, a considerable proportion of cases are still identified at advanced stages. This report presents a case of rapid tumor progression in a patient without classical risk factors. Case Presentation: A 44-year-old male with no history of tobacco or alcohol use, systemic illness, or familial cancer, presented with a lateral tongue ulcer attributed to trauma. Clinical examination revealed a 10 x 14 mm lesion. Biopsy was initially postponed due to lack of consent, and conservative treatment was administered. Temporary improvement was observed. However, within 20 days, the lesion markedly enlarged. Urgent biopsy confirmed moderately differentiated OSCC. The tumor was staged as T4N0M0 according to AJCC 8th edition. The patient underwent hemiglossectomy, bilateral neck dissection, and adjuvant radiochemotherapy. Although remission was achieved, the patient died of pneumonia one week after completing treatment. Conclusions: This case highlights the potential for rapid OSCC progression in low-risk individuals and emphasizes the need for immediate diagnostic action in the presence of suspicious oral lesions. Conventional oral examination must be followed by biopsy when malignancy is suspected. Early multidisciplinary collaboration and clear patient communication are essential to avoid preventable delays and improve clinical outcomes.