El Impacto de la Evaluación Formativa en la Educación Universitaria: Enfoques para Potenciar el Aprendizaje y la Retención del Conocimiento

This study examines how formative assessment impacts higher education, particularly regarding its effect on academic performance, student motivation, and the development of metacognitive skills. A quantitative approach was employed to collect data through structured surveys administered to 350 participants, including 300 students and 50 lecturers from various Peruvian universities. The results reveal that formative assessment, complemented with continuous feedback, significantly enhances academic performance, particularly in complex subjects such as mathematics and physics, facilitating a deep understanding and autonomous learning. Additionally, it was found that students engaged in collaborative assessments experience an increase in motivation, commitment to content, and a positive perception of the educational process. The use of information and communication technologies (ICT), such as digital platforms and interactive tools, further enhances formative assessment, providing immediate and personalised feedback that encourages self-regulation of learning. These tools not only increase student participation but also enable lecturers to implement innovative teaching strategies. In conclusion, the proper implementation of formative assessment promotes meaningful learning, motivates students, and fosters critical thinking, highlighting the importance of integrating dynamic and technological strategies in the university setting.