Artificial intelligence in solar energy integration for the smart grid: progress, possibilities, and challenges

The integration of solar energy into smart grids is a crucial step toward sustainable energy management. However, challenges such as variability in solar power generation, inefficiencies in energy distribution, and the need for real-time optimization persist. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative solution, enhancing forecasting accuracy, optimizing grid operations, and improving demand-side management. To address these challenges, this paper explores AIdriven methodologies, including deep learning techniques, hybrid models, and Internet of Things (IoT) enabled monitoring systems. AI applications in energy storage, predictive maintenance, and decentralized energy trading are discussed. By leveraging AI, smart grids can become more adaptive, resilient, and efficient in managing renewable energy resources. The research article suggests the most potential areas of study in upcoming times based on current progress, future trends in the market, and sustainable growth opportunities.