Unpacking the impacts of digitalization of knowledge transfer in agri-food sector, through sociotechnical systems theory: a systematic literature review

Abstract The emergence of digital technology has caused fundamental changes in the agriculture and food sectors, making digital platforms essential for facilitating knowledge sharing among stakeholders. This study reviews the role of digitalization in "knowledge exchange" within agri-food systems through a systematic literature review following the PRISMA guidelines. Using Rayyan, QDA Miner, and WordStat to process 81 articles selected from Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, we identify emerging trends and gaps in agricultural knowledge sharing over the past few decades. Using sociotechnical systems theory, we constructed a conceptual model illustrating the relationship between a technical subsystem consisting of digital tools and a social subsystem comprising six identified stakeholder groups from government, industry, and academia. Our analysis indicates that digital technologies improve the efficiency, scale, and variety of knowledge transfers. Meanwhile, stakeholder participation facilitates the movement toward integrated technological and social subsystems. This perspective offers effective solutions for policymakers seeking to develop comprehensive digitalization strategies that integrate socioeconomic frameworks and innovation for sustainable development. Further research is recommended to explore the implications of digital knowledge frameworks on sustainability and resilience in the agri-food sector.