Justification of the need to assess the state of investment security of industrial branches in the context of sanctions

The aim of the study, the results of which this article presents, was a comprehensive research of the problems related to assessing the investment security of industrial branches in the context of unprecedented sanctions pressure and rapid digital transformation of economic processes. Research objective of the article is to justify the need to develop a new system of criteria for assessing the investment security of industrial branches, adapted to the conditions of sanctions pressure and taking into account the factors of digital transformation. In the course of the work, the authors established the interrelationships between investment security factors based on the international experience of 10 countries with different models of economic development. The article also contains a system of indicators, such as financial, technological, market and institutional indicators to reveal a comprehensive assessment of the state of industrial sectors. The methodological systems approach is based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of analysing economic processes, such as statistical analysis of time series, correlation and regression analysis. The study revealed critical limitations of existing security assessment methods for investment, which do not take into account the specific risks of sanctions, technological dependence and digital threats. The research has indicated, that high-tech sectors, characterized by complex production processes and dependence on imported specialised equipment, turned out to be the most vulnerable to sanctions. Meanwhile, the mechanical engineering complex, or the oil and gas sector experienced significant difficulties. As regards the industries with less technological dependence, they demonstrated greater resilience. The authors reveal the dual nature of digital transformation, which simultaneously generates new opportunities for increasing the adaptability of enterprises and also leads to additional risks associated with cyber threats and problems of technological sovereignty. The article defines three key strategic directions for the development of investment security: import substitution policy, reorientation to the BRICS countries and support for innovative activity. It also provides approaches to build a solid foundation for developing effective state policy to support investment activity and make the national economy more resilient to external challenges. The results of the study are of practical value for government bodies evolving industry development strategies, as well as for managers of industrial enterprises in assessing investment risks, or analysts of investment companies and researchers specializing in the field of economic security.