PDE Modeling of the Cooling Fluid Temperature in Battery Pack

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of heat transfer in cooling systems for battery packs in electric vehicles (EVs). A cylindrical coordinate framework is employed to model the heat transfer equation, incorporating diffusion, convection, and heat sources due to electrochemical reactions in the cell. Boundary conditions are derived to account for radial symmetry and cascaded axial heat exchange across modules. The proposed model introduces a coupled nonlinear framework that dynamically interrelates fluid temperature, heat generation, and module temperature, effectively capturing transient and nonlinear thermal interactions.