2025 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease and pregnancy
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. With these new Guidelines we wish to provide updated evidence-based guidance for patients and caregivers. Reducing maternal mortality and morbidity is a key priority of the World Health Organization (WHO). In managing maternal and foetal health, it is essential to balance the risks and benefits of maternal and foetal therapeutic needs. Due to the scarcity of prospective or randomized studies within this field, which often cannot be performed for ethical reasons, most recommendations in these Guidelines are based on evidence level C. Consequently, there is an ongoing need for more registries, such as the Registry of Pregnancy and Cardiac Disease (ROPAC) and the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies network, and prospective studies to enhance our understanding in this area.
Authors
- Jolien W. Roos‐Hesselink (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6770-3830)
- Eloisa Arbustini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2948-7994)
- Alev Arat Özkan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8064-7231)
- Maria Karakyriou
- Tommaso Simoncini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2971-0079)
- Juraj Dúbrava (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8064-6634)
- Feruza Zakirova
- Bettina Heidecker (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-7920)
- Sanna Laurila (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-5079)
- Antonio Luca Brucato (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7566-5600)
- Sergio Buccheri
- Gheorghe‐Andrei Dan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9867-2582)
- Christiaan J. Vrints (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9263-5702)
- Konstantinos Dimopoulos (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8402-500X)
- Bruna Gigante (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4508-7990)
- Hamlet Hayrapetyan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8764-5623)
- Elisabeth Leirgul (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4988-1203)
- Katja Zeppenfeld (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7034-1017)
- Richard Mindham (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1116-5284)
- Lorna Swan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-6480)
- Khatuna Jalabadze
- Pavel Calda (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2903-5026)
- Rafael Kuperstein (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1892-9403)
- Amina Rakisheva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9842-962X)
- Agnès Pasquet (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3778-6604)
- Noémi Pávó (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3377-4507)
- Dayenne Zwaagman
- Bernard Iung (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9127-348X)
- Lia Crotti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8739-6527)
- Gabriele Egidy Assenza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6591-002X)
- Estelle Gandjbakhch (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4846-5021)
- A. Bura-Rivière (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7469-2407)
- Olena Mitchenko
- Rita Ilhão Moreira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1873-0074)
- Borja Ibáñez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5036-254X)
- Meriam Drissa
- Oskars Kalējs (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5919-4995)
- Donata Kurpas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6996-8920)
- Anna Sannino (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4275-8066)
- Jūratė Barysienė (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1600-9355)
- Sofie Gevaert (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8721-3003)
- Þórdís Jóna Hrafnkelsdóttir (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4398-2898)
- Saamay Abilova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0482-3915)
- Karen S Sliwa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8272-0911)
- Bernhard Haring (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6109-431X)
- Sanne A. E. Peters (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-5412)
- Oliver Schlager (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6934-5355)
- Margarita Brida (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8754-8156)
- Lars Køber (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6635-1466)
- Anne Marie Valente (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8357-694X)
- Stephanie Fichtner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4100-6292)
- Ghada Youssef (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2020-1013)
- Emma Forton Magavern (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0699-6411)
- Florian Schoenhoff (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3311-4595)
- Aatif Benyass
- Werner Budts (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5850-5413)
- Peter Jüni (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5985-0670)
- Matthias Greutmann (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8692-6108)
- Natasja M.S. de Groot (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0259-6691)
- Rouguiatou Sow (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3675-8123)
- Maarja Maser
- Ruxandra Jurcuţ (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3438-2612)
- Ntobeko Ntusi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2347-7883)
- N. Henine
- Xavier Rosselló (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6783-8463)
- Olga Trojnarska
- Aleksandra Ilić (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0348-6574)
- Marco Zavatta (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3655-7073)
- Bianca Rocca (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8304-6423)
- Jolanda Kluin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5942-4727)
- Maryanne Caruana (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3947-3350)
- Gulnara Junusbekova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-5625)
- Ilonca Vaartjes
- Carmel M. McEniery (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3636-0705)
- Silvia Castelletti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9693-4083)
- Katja Prokšelj (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-632X)
- Nina Gotcheva (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2787-6283)
- Boško Skorić
- Milagros Pedreira Pérez
- Zuzana Moťovská (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5319-473X)
- Stefan James
- Marianna Adamo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3855-1815)
- Matthew Cauldwell (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2366-3133)
- Elisabetta Cerbai (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7839-1361)
- Borislava Mihaylova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0951-1304)
- Michèle de Hosson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8145-2142)
- Isabella Sudano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8197-8892)
- Kristina Hermann Haugaa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4900-0453)
- John W. McEvoy (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6530-5479)
- Ulf Landmesser (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0214-3203)
- Anastasia D. Egorova (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9312-2338)
- Julie De Backer (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8878-1507)
- Georges Saadé (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6504-9604)
- Eva Goossens (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3421-5256)
- Pranvera Ibrahimi
- Philip Moons (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8609-4516)
- Christina Christersson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-8084)
- Marijan Bosevski (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1897-7832)
- Olga Hajnalka Bálint
- Eva Prescott (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4134-0349)
- Felix Christoph Tanner (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-2667)
- Eva Gerdts (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4109-2311)
- Elena Arbelo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0424-6393)
- Dorte Guldbrand Nielsen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0181-3217)
- Antonia Sambola (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3939-5559)
- Nina E. Hasselberg (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1546-8522)
- Konstantinos C. Koskinas (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5589-7762)
- Paul Brennan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-0147)
- Tatjana Potpara
- Aurel Demiraj
- Mette‐Elise Estensen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-4617)
- G Y H Lip
- Dawn Adamson
- E. M. S. Barakat
- Lilia David
- Mark R. Johnson (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1625-6997)
- F. Steinbach
- Giuseppe Boriani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9820-4815)
- Hanan Taher Bugaigis
- Inge Moelgaard
- Gulane Aghayeva
- Milan Gluhović
Publication Details
- Journal
- European Heart Journal
- Published
- 2025-08-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf193
- Citations
- 82
- Primary Topic
- Cardiovascular Issues in Pregnancy
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 113.83